Unit 2: Biological Bases of Behavior

2.1.A Explain the relationship between heredity and environment in shaping behavior and mental processes. 

2.1.A.1 Heredity and the Environment 

2.1.A.2 Evolutionary Perspective 

2.1.A.3 Research: Twin studies, family studies, adoption studies

2.4.A Explain how the structures and functions of the brain apply to behavior and mental processes. 

2.4.A.1 The Brain Stem

2.4.A.2 The Reticular Activating System 

2.4.A.3 The Cerebellum 

2.4.A.4 The Cerebral Cortex

2.4.A.5 Split Brain Research 

2.4.A.5.I Areas of the Brain that Affect Language 

2.4.A.5.II Research on Cortex Specialization 

2.4.A.6 Brain Plasticity 

2.4.A.7 Research on the Brain: Brain Scans, Case Studies, Surgical Procedures that promote understanding of the brain’s functions 

2.2.A Differentiate among the subsystems of the human nervous system and their functions. 

2.2.A.1 The Central Nervous System

2.2.A.2 The Peripheral Nervous System

2.2.A.I Autonomic Nervous System 

2.2.A.II The Somatic Nervous System 

2.3.A Explain how the structures and functions of typical neurons in the central nervous system affect behavior and mental processes. 

2.3.A.1 Types of Neural Cells in the Brain 

2.3.A.2 Neurons in the Central and Peripheral Nervous System

Lesson 5.5: Neural Firing

2.3.B Explain how the basic process of neural transmission is related to behavior and mental processes. 

2.3.B.1 Process of Neural Transmission

2.3.B.2 Functions of Neurotransmitters 

2.3.C Explain how psychoactive drugs affect behavior and mental processes. 

2.3.C.1 Effects on Neurotransmitter Function

2.3.C.2 Psychological and Physiological Effects 

2.3.C.3 Tolerance, Addiction, and Withdrawals 

2.5.A Explain how the sleep/wake cycle affects behavior and mental processes throughout the day and night.

2.5.A.1 Consciousness 

2.5.A.2 Circadian Rhythm 

2.5.A.3 Stages of Sleep

2.5.A.3.I NREM 

2.5.A.3.II REM

2.5.A.4 Dream Theories 

2.5.A.5 Memory Consolidation 

2.5.A.6 Sleep Disorders and Disruptions